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O campo das criptomoedas é extremamente diversificado. Com poucas barreiras a serem superadas, praticamente qualquer pessoa que entenda a tecnologia blockchain pode lançar a sua própria criptomoeda se assim o desejar. Atualmente, existem mais de 1600 criptomoedas listadas em grandes, médias e câmbios específicos.
Dessas criptomoedas e tokens digitais, é justo dizer que o número que tem algum real significado pode ser reduzido a dois dígitos. Este grupo menor pode ser resumido novamente às criptomoedas que são negociadas em quantidade suficiente para ter liquidez significativa ou que são usadas regularmente para pagar pelo uso de uma plataforma blockchain com tokens utilitários. Nesta categoria, provavelmente podemos incluir entre 20 a 30 moedas digitais diferentes.
Desde o início do fenómeno , as duas criptomoedas mais populares têm sido a Bitcoin e Ethereum (Ether). A Ether e a Bitcoin permanecem os dois grandes concorrentes na arena das criptomoedas, mas existem outras criptomoedas que conseguiram chegar ao mesmo nível. Nos últimos anos, criptomoedas como a Cardano (ADA) e a Solana (SOL) seguiram os passos da Bitcoin e da Ether e chegaram ao escalão das dez criptomoedas mais valiosas em termos de valor de mercado.
Para além da Bitcoin e da Ethereum, existem várias criptomoedas mais valiosas, como, por exemplo, Axie Infinity (AXS), Filecoin (FIL), e Uniswap (UNIUSD) mas o seu valor e popularidade tendem a variar. Além disso, se os negociantes quiserem obter exposição a mais do que um tipo de criptomoeda, também podem negociar o Índice Crypto 10, de criação exclusiva, composto das criptomoedas mais populares num dado momento.
O grande número de criptomoedas disponíveis no mercado está a aumentar rapidamente. Isto, por sua vez, poderá dificultar aos investidores e negociantes a tarefa de acompanharem as criptomoedas mais populares. Torna-se um grande incómodo escolher quais as criptomoedas em que "vale a pena" investir e que "valem a pena" negociar. Contudo, uma maneira de determinar quais são as criptomoedas mais negociadas é olhar para aquelas que são oferecidas como CFD em plataformas de negociação convencionais, tais como a Plus500 Em baixo estão as criptomoedas que mais interessam aos traders da Plus500 .
Preços ilustrativos.
A quick online search would suggest that the most popular cryptocurrencies on the market today are:
They are all quite different, so let’s take a quick look at their key qualities.
Bitcoin is considered the original crypto, and its launch in 2009 is what started the whole cryptocurrency movement. Bitcoin - and the blockchain technology on which it operates - was invented by an individual or group of individuals operating under the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin was put forward as an alternative to the fiat monetary system. The true identity of Satoshi Nakamoto has never been revealed.
In the Bitcoin whitepaper, Nakamoto argued that a fiat monetary system controlled by central banks and a small number of financial institutions led to a centralised wealth and power and made social and financial mobility difficult. Ordinary people’s savings were eroded through inflation, largely as a result of central banks’ money printing.
Bitcoin solved that problem by fixing the number of units ever issued, thereby preventing inflation caused by money printing. Bitcoin’s peer-to-peer blockchain technology meant it didn’t need financial institutions to facilitate transactions and verify ownership.
Bitcoin is still by far the most popular cryptocurrency and its price movement has a strong impact on the rest of the crypto market.
Ethereum is historically the second most popular cryptocurrency however it is very different from Bitcoin. Ethereum is actually the name of the blockchain platform and Ether is the name of the cryptocurrency. Ethereum is the blockchain platform for ‘smart contracts’.
They can also be considered as defined ‘rules’ from which many different applications, or Dapps – decentralised applications - can be created from. Ethereum Dapps range from games to Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs), which are the cryptocurrency world’s equivalent to crowdfunding or IPOs.
While other smart contract platforms have been launched since Ethereum, each claiming to offer more sophisticated blockchain technology, the original blockchain has retained its position as the most utilised.
While Bitcoin is intended as an alternative to traditional fiat currencies, the purpose of Ether (besides being traded as an asset) is to pay for use of the Ethereum platform. It’s known as a ‘utility’ cryptocurrency.
Cardano (ADA) coin is a native digital currency used to run the Cardano blockchain which was launched in 2017 by Charles Hokinson, co-founder of Ethereum. Cardano was launched as a third-generation “proof-of-stake” (PoS) blockchain platform and it is valued at $40.4B (as of March 2022). As this decentralized system uses PoS, Cardano (ADA) owners validate transactions on the Cardano network in exchange for rewards, which is called “staking”. While both the Ethereum and the Cardano platforms use Smart Contracts and other similar technologies, Cardano is considered a more updated version or a replacement for Ethereum.
This coin is used to operate the Solana blockchain which was developed by former Qualcomm executive, Anatoly Yakovenko in 2017 and is regarded as a permissionless layer-1 blockchain. While keeping costs low, this third-generation blockchain aims to give users the benefit of increased throughput beyond the typical capabilities of other popular blockchains. It uses an advanced version of proof-of-stake (PoS) called proof-of-history (PoH). Moreover, Solana’s architecture supports a range of DeFi platforms and NFTs marketplaces along with smart contracts and decentralized applications (DApps). As of March 2022, Solana’s (SOL) market capitalization is valued at $37.4 B.
Litecoin emerged in 2011, and is considered a potential fiat alternative and a prominent rival for Bitcoin. Its creators,former Google engineer, Charles “Charlie” Lee”, hoped that Litecoin will eventually be used to pay for everyday goods and services. Litecoin has positioned itself as a more practical and technologically superior alternative to Bitcoin,. as Litecoin's transactions can be confirmed by the P2P network significantly quicker than Bitcoin transactions.
In theory, this could make Litecoin more attractive for merchants, but with ‘real-life’ cryptocurrency transactions still hugely limited, Bitcoin’s more established ‘brand’ keeps it well out in front as the fiat alternative cryptocurrency of choice. Nevertheless, Litecoin’s staggering market capitalization of 9.279B (as of March 2022), shows its popularity.
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